Liputan6.com, Jakarta - Netizens often say that Indonesia's human resource (HR) capacity is low because of their mindset when expressing comments in cyberspace. Is this assumption correct? In fact, based on data from the Ministry of Home Affairs, the number of residents who enter tertiary institutions or attend college is only around 6 percent or to be precise 6.52 percent.

Quoting data from the Ministry of Home Affairs, the number of Indonesian people entering higher education as of 31 December 2022 for D1 and D2 levels was 1.11 million people or 0.4% of the total population of Indonesia. Then the D3 level was 3.56 million people or 1.28% and the S1 level was 12.44 million people or 4.47%. There were 882,113 people at the master's level or 0.31% and only 63,315 people at the doctoral level or 0.02%.

Meanwhile, the majority of Indonesia's population who do not or have not gone to school is 66.07 

million people or around 23.78% of the total population of Indonesia. Then, 30.89 million people or 11.12% have not finished elementary school, 64.3 million people or 23.15% have finished elementary school, 40.21 million people or 14.47% have finished elementary school, and 58.57 million people have finished high school. or 21.08%.

Reporting from the worldtop20.org site, Indonesia is ranked 67th out of 203 countries in the world education ranking list in 2022. This ranking is based on college and pre-college graduation rates. In detail, the college or college graduation rate is 19%, the high school graduation rate is 78%, the junior high school completion rate is 91.19%, the elementary school completion rate is 100%, and the early childhood school enrollment rate is 68%.

The ratio of master's and doctoral graduates is also very low

Indonesia itself is targeting to take advantage of the demographic bonus for a Golden Indonesia by 2045. At that time the population is estimated to be more than 275 million. Where Indonesia is targeted to become the world's seventh largest economy by 2030 and the fourth largest economy by 2050. Unfortunately, to achieve this, Indonesia's human resources (HR) who have graduated from Masters and Doctoral levels of education are still very low.

Where the ratio of human resources with Master's education to the productive age population is only 0.45%. Lower than benchmark countries such as Malaysia, Vietnam, Thailand which amounted to 2.01% and developed countries namely the United States, Japan, Korea, New Zealand, Canada and Germany which reached 8.59%.

Likewise, the ratio of human resources with Doctoral degrees to the productive age population is only 0.03%. Lower than benchmark countries which is 0.42% and developed countries which is 1.21%. In total, the ratio of Master-Doctors to Indonesia's productive age population is only 0.49% or lower than benchmark countries which is 2.43% and developed countries which is 9.8%.

In fact, Indonesia has established the Education Fund Management Institute (LPDP) which is a non-echelon work unit under the Ministry of Finance. LPDP manages quite large educational funds for scholarships as mandated by Minister of Finance Regulation (PMK) Number 252 of 2010.

LPDP also noted that the number of postgraduate/doctoral human resource needs is still far from the scholarships that have been disbursed by LPDP. In 2022, Master's/S3 graduates nationally will number 917 thousand while from LPDP there will be 41 thousand or 4.5% of the total productive age population. The target is that by 2045 there will be 21,621,897 Masters and Doctorates in the country. To fulfill this, LPDP also needs an ideal education endowment fund of around IDR 1,000 trillion.

Quoting the LPDP Scholarship Contribution Roadmap, to achieve the nation's progress indicators, the ideal number of Master's/S3 graduates is 7.5 million in 2034 and 20 million in 2045. Therefore, it is urgently needed to increase the capacity of Master's/S3 education at home and abroad.

The LPDP contribution in 2023 will be 20% of the capacity of Master's/S3 education. Then in the future it will continue to be increased by 5% per year from the previous year. This scenario requires an increase in the Education Endowment Fund per year to reach IDR 194 trillion in 2034 and IDR 266 trillion in 2045.

Quoted from Liputan6.com

https://www.liputan6.com/regional/read/5498856/hanya-652-persen-penduduk-rasakan-bangku-kuliah-benarkah-sdm-indonesia-rendah?page=2